July 13, 2026Government SchemesBriefHealthGovernment Initiative
MY Bharat Launches Next Phase of Nasha Mukt Yuva Campaign
MY Bharat ने Nasha Mukt Yuva campaign का अगला चरण शुरू किया
Quick Prelims Revision
The campaign is being implemented by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports through MY Bharat.
The campaign name is “Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat.”
Registrations began on the MY Bharat portal.
त्वरित प्रारंभिक परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
Campaign को Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports द्वारा MY Bharat के माध्यम से implement किया जा रहा है।
Campaign का नाम “Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat” है।
Registrations MY Bharat portal पर शुरू हुए।
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News Item
The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, through Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat), launched the next phase of the nationwide “Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat” campaign. The campaign will conduct creative competitions in a three-tier format: district, state and national levels.
समाचार
Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports ने Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat) के माध्यम से nationwide “Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat” campaign का अगला चरण launch किया। Campaign में district, state और national levels पर three-tier format में creative competitions आयोजित किए जाएंगे।
Prelims Facts
The campaign is being implemented by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports through MY Bharat.
The campaign name is “Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat.”
Registrations began on the MY Bharat portal.
Competitions will be held in a three-tier format: district, state and national levels.
District-level competitions will be held from 24 to 27 July 2026.
State champions will be invited to New Delhi for the national finale.
The national finale will be held on 12 and 13 August 2026 during the National Youth Summit.
Five categories are included: Dance, Music, Reel and Short Film, Nukkad Natak and Slam Poetry.
प्रारंभिक परीक्षा तथ्य
Campaign को Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports द्वारा MY Bharat के माध्यम से implement किया जा रहा है।
Campaign का नाम “Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat” है।
Registrations MY Bharat portal पर शुरू हुए।
Competitions three-tier format में होंगे: district, state और national levels।
District-level competitions 24 से 27 July 2026 तक होंगे।
State champions को national finale के लिए New Delhi बुलाया जाएगा।
National finale 12 और 13 August 2026 को National Youth Summit के दौरान होगा।
पांच categories हैं: Dance, Music, Reel and Short Film, Nukkad Natak और Slam Poetry।
GS Mapping
GS2: Government Initiatives, Youth Affairs, Social Justice, Public Health; GS3: Substance Abuse and Social Awareness
जीएस मैपिंग
GS2: सरकारी पहल, youth affairs, social justice, public health; GS3: substance abuse और social awareness
Sources
NewsOnAIR
· July 14, 2026
— Report supplied by the user on MY Bharat launching the next phase of the Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat campaign.
July 12, 2026Science and TechnologyBriefHealthSpecies & EnvironmentScience & Technology
Deadly Bird Virus PaBV-4 Identified for First Time in India
भारत में पहली बार deadly bird virus PaBV-4 की पहचान
Quick Prelims Revision
PaBV-4 has been identified and genetically characterised in India for the first time.
The study was led by Pankaj Deka and Sangeeta Das of the Assam Veterinary and Fisheries University, Guwahati.
The study was published in Scientific Reports.
त्वरित प्रारंभिक परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
PaBV-4 को भारत में पहली बार identify और genetically characterise किया गया।
Study का नेतृत्व Pankaj Deka और Sangeeta Das ने Assam Veterinary and Fisheries University, Guwahati से किया।
Study Scientific Reports में published हुई।
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News Item
A team of scientists has identified and genetically characterised Parrot Bornavirus-4 (PaBV-4) in India for the first time. The virus was found among captive psittacine birds and is linked to Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD), a largely fatal viral disease affecting the digestive and nervous systems of birds.
समाचार
वैज्ञानिकों की एक team ने भारत में पहली बार Parrot Bornavirus-4 (PaBV-4) की पहचान और genetic characterisation किया है। यह virus captive psittacine birds में पाया गया और यह Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD) से जुड़ा है, जो birds के digestive और nervous systems को प्रभावित करने वाली largely fatal viral disease है।
Prelims Facts
PaBV-4 has been identified and genetically characterised in India for the first time.
The study was led by Pankaj Deka and Sangeeta Das of the Assam Veterinary and Fisheries University, Guwahati.
The study was published in Scientific Reports.
Researchers tested 83 psittacine birds from 13 species in aviaries in Assam, Karnataka and West Bengal.
The study period was 2020-2024.
Bird species included African grey parrot, ochre-marked parakeet, yellow-collared macaw, eastern rosella, blue-crowned hanging parrot, rainbow lorikeet and scarlet-chested parrot.
The birds were divided into three groups: birds with clinical signs of PDD, healthy cage mates of suspected cases and birds that had died of suspected PDD.
Infection was detected in almost 88% of dead birds and 19% of apparently healthy cage mates.
Researchers found no patterns linking genetic clusters to host species, geography or time.
The findings highlight risks to conservation programmes based on breeding captive birds.
प्रारंभिक परीक्षा तथ्य
PaBV-4 को भारत में पहली बार identify और genetically characterise किया गया।
Study का नेतृत्व Pankaj Deka और Sangeeta Das ने Assam Veterinary and Fisheries University, Guwahati से किया।
Study Scientific Reports में published हुई।
Researchers ने Assam, Karnataka और West Bengal की aviaries में 13 species के 83 psittacine birds को test किया।
Study period 2020-2024 था।
Bird species में African grey parrot, ochre-marked parakeet, yellow-collared macaw, eastern rosella, blue-crowned hanging parrot, rainbow lorikeet और scarlet-chested parrot शामिल थे।
Birds को तीन groups में divide किया गया: PDD के clinical signs वाले birds, suspected cases के healthy cage mates और suspected PDD से मरे birds।
Infection लगभग 88% dead birds और 19% apparently healthy cage mates में detect हुआ।
Researchers को genetic clusters और host species, geography या time के बीच कोई clear pattern नहीं मिला।
Findings captive bird breeding पर आधारित conservation programmes के लिए risks highlight करती हैं।
GS Mapping
GS3: Science and Technology, Biotechnology, Animal Health, Biodiversity Conservation
जीएस मैपिंग
GS3: विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी, biotechnology, animal health, biodiversity conservation
Sources
The Hindu
· July 14, 2026
— Newspaper report supplied by the user on the first identification of Parrot Bornavirus-4 in captive psittacine birds in India.
July 12, 2026Science and TechnologyBriefHealthScience & Technology
How Leucine Helps Cells Maintain Energy Production
Leucine cells में energy production को कैसे support करता है
Quick Prelims Revision
Leucine is an essential amino acid.
It belongs to the family of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs).
BCAAs include leucine, isoleucine and valine.
त्वरित प्रारंभिक परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
Leucine एक essential amino acid है।
यह branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) family से संबंधित है।
BCAAs में leucine, isoleucine और valine शामिल हैं।
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A science explainer highlighted the role of the essential amino acid leucine in protecting mitochondria, the cell organelles that produce energy. A study using the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans found that leucine helps prevent premature degradation of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins, thereby supporting normal mitochondrial function and cellular energy production.
समाचार
एक science explainer ने essential amino acid leucine की भूमिका को समझाया, जो mitochondria को protect करता है। Mitochondria cells में energy produce करने वाले organelles हैं। Caenorhabditis elegans roundworm पर आधारित study में पाया गया कि leucine outer mitochondrial membrane proteins की premature degradation को रोकने में मदद करता है, जिससे mitochondrial function और cellular energy production support होते हैं।
Prelims Facts
Leucine is an essential amino acid.
It belongs to the family of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs).
BCAAs include leucine, isoleucine and valine.
Essential amino acids cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained from diet.
Mitochondria produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
The outer mitochondrial membrane is important for normal mitochondrial function.
Researchers from the University of Cologne Centre for Excellence Cluster on Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases, Germany, used Caenorhabditis elegans as the model organism.
The study was published in Nature Cell Biology on 27 November 2025.
The study found that leucine acts as a protective shield for outer mitochondrial membrane proteins.
Leucine interacts with a protein called SEL1L, which is involved in recognising and removing damaged or misfolded proteins.
Excessive degradation of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins can lead to metabolic and age-related diseases.
प्रारंभिक परीक्षा तथ्य
Leucine एक essential amino acid है।
यह branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) family से संबंधित है।
BCAAs में leucine, isoleucine और valine शामिल हैं।
Essential amino acids body में produce नहीं होते और इन्हें diet से लेना पड़ता है।
MitochondriaATP produce करते हैं, जिसे cell की energy currency कहा जाता है।
Outer mitochondrial membrane normal mitochondrial function के लिए important है।
University of Cologne Centre for Excellence Cluster on Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases, Germany के researchers ने Caenorhabditis elegans को model organism के रूप में use किया।
Study Nature Cell Biology में 27 November 2025 को publish हुई।
Study में पाया गया कि leucine outer mitochondrial membrane proteins के लिए protective shield की तरह काम करता है।
Leucine SEL1L नामक protein के साथ interact करता है, जो damaged या misfolded proteins को recognise और remove करने में शामिल है।
Outer mitochondrial membrane proteins की excessive degradation metabolic और age-related diseases से जुड़ सकती है।
GS Mapping
GS3: Science and Technology, Biotechnology, Human Physiology, Health Research
जीएस मैपिंग
GS3: विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी, biotechnology, human physiology, health research
Sources
The Hindu
· July 14, 2026
— Science explainer supplied by the user on how the amino acid leucine helps protect mitochondria and support cellular energy production.
Sri Lankan Universities Shift Online Amid Dengue Surge
डेंगू मामलों में वृद्धि के बीच श्रीलंकाई विश्वविद्यालय ऑनलाइन हुए
Quick Prelims Revision
Sri Lanka reported 65,034 dengue cases in 2026.
Around 45 dengue-related deaths have been recorded.
Colombo accounted for about one-fifth of Sri Lanka’s dengue cases.
त्वरित प्रारंभिक परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
श्रीलंका में 2026 में 65,034 dengue cases report हुए।
लगभग 45 dengue-related deaths दर्ज हुईं।
Sri Lanka के dengue cases में Colombo का share लगभग one-fifth रहा।
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News Item
Sri Lanka is facing a major dengue outbreak, with cases crossing 65,000 and 45 dengue-related deaths reported. Amid the surge, the University of Colombo decided to move some lectures online, while the University of Moratuwa and the University of the Visual and Performing Arts temporarily closed their campuses.
समाचार
श्रीलंका में dengue outbreak गंभीर हो गया है, जहां cases 65,000 से अधिक हो गए हैं और 45 dengue-related deaths दर्ज हुई हैं। इस वृद्धि के बीच University of Colombo ने कुछ lectures online करने का निर्णय लिया, जबकि University of Moratuwa और University of the Visual and Performing Arts ने campuses अस्थायी रूप से बंद कर दिए।
Prelims Facts
Sri Lanka reported 65,034 dengue cases in 2026.
Around 45 dengue-related deaths have been recorded.
Colombo accounted for about one-fifth of Sri Lanka’s dengue cases.
Since May 2026, the University of Colombo recorded 71 cases, including students.
The University of Colombo moved some lectures online to allow students to rest and recover.
The University of Moratuwa and the University of the Visual and Performing Arts temporarily closed campuses.
Authorities deployed a military-led team to monitor the outbreak.
Public health officials linked the current outbreak partly to debris left by Cyclone Ditwah, which hit Sri Lanka in December 2025.
प्रारंभिक परीक्षा तथ्य
श्रीलंका में 2026 में 65,034 dengue cases report हुए।
लगभग 45 dengue-related deaths दर्ज हुईं।
Sri Lanka के dengue cases में Colombo का share लगभग one-fifth रहा।
May 2026 से University of Colombo में students सहित 71 cases दर्ज हुए।
University of Colombo ने students को rest और recovery का समय देने के लिए कुछ lectures online किए।
University of Moratuwa और University of the Visual and Performing Arts ने campuses अस्थायी रूप से बंद किए।
Authorities ने outbreak monitor करने के लिए military-led team appoint की।
Public health officials ने current outbreak को partly Cyclone Ditwah के debris से जोड़ा, जिसने December 2025 में Sri Lanka को प्रभावित किया था।
GS Mapping
GS2: Health, Public Health Governance; GS3: Disaster Management, Disease Surveillance
जीएस मैपिंग
GS2: स्वास्थ्य, public health governance; GS3: disaster management, disease surveillance
Sources
The Hindu
· July 11, 2026
— Newspaper report supplied by the user on dengue surge in Sri Lanka and temporary closure or online shift by universities.
July 10, 2026HealthBriefHealthLaw and PoliciesGovernment Initiative
Centre Tightens Rules for High Alcohol-Containing Drug Formulations
केंद्र ने high alcohol-containing drug formulations पर नियम सख्त किए
Quick Prelims Revision
The Centre amended the Drugs Rules, 1945.
The amendment regulates high alcohol-containing drug formulations.
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare removed the Schedule K exemption from licensing requirements.
त्वरित प्रारंभिक परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
केंद्र ने Drugs Rules, 1945 में amendment किया।
Amendment high alcohol-containing drug formulations को regulate करता है।
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare ने licensing requirements से मिली Schedule K exemption हटाई।
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News Item
The Central Government has amended the Drugs Rules, 1945 to strengthen regulation of high alcohol-containing drug formulations. The Health Ministry removed the earlier Schedule K exemption from licensing requirements for formulations containing ethyl alcohol above specified limits.
समाचार
केंद्र सरकार ने high alcohol-containing drug formulations के regulation को मजबूत करने के लिए Drugs Rules, 1945 में संशोधन किया है। Health Ministry ने specified limits से अधिक ethyl alcohol वाली formulations के लिए licensing requirements से मिली पहले की Schedule K exemption हटा दी है।
Prelims Facts
The Centre amended the Drugs Rules, 1945.
The amendment regulates high alcohol-containing drug formulations.
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare removed the Schedule K exemption from licensing requirements.
Formulations containing more than 12% v/v ethyl alcohol and quantities exceeding 30 ml will no longer get the exemption.
Such products must obtain licenses under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940.
Earlier, some tinctures and aromatic preparations such as cardamom and ginger tinctures were exempted.
Some exempted formulations could contain ethyl alcohol concentration up to 80-90% v/v.
The amendment aims to prevent diversion and misuse for intoxication.
It will ensure supply through a regulated pharmaceutical supply chain while allowing legitimate therapeutic use.
प्रारंभिक परीक्षा तथ्य
केंद्र ने Drugs Rules, 1945 में amendment किया।
Amendment high alcohol-containing drug formulations को regulate करता है।
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare ने licensing requirements से मिली Schedule K exemption हटाई।
12% v/v से अधिक ethyl alcohol और 30 ml से अधिक quantity वाली formulations को exemption नहीं मिलेगी।
ऐसे products को Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 के तहत licenses लेने होंगे।
पहले cardamom और ginger tinctures जैसी कुछ tinctures और aromatic preparations exempted थीं।
कुछ exempted formulations में ethyl alcohol concentration 80-90% v/v तक हो सकती थी।
Amendment का उद्देश्य intoxication के लिए diversion और misuse रोकना है।
इससे legitimate therapeutic use जारी रखते हुए supply regulated pharmaceutical supply chain से होगी।
GS Mapping
GS2: Health Regulation, Governance; GS3: Pharmaceutical Sector, Public Health
जीएस मैपिंग
GS2: health regulation, governance; GS3: pharmaceutical sector, public health
Sources
NewsOnAIR
· July 11, 2026
— Report on removal of Schedule K exemption for high alcohol-containing drug formulations.
July 8, 2026HealthLead_1HealthScience & Technology
Finerenone May Slow Kidney Disease Beyond Diabetes
Finerenone मधुमेह के बिना भी किडनी रोग को धीमा कर सकता है
Quick Prelims Revision
Three global studies on finerenone were published in NEJM, JAMA and The Lancet.
Finerenone was earlier used mainly in diabetes-related kidney disease.
New evidence suggests benefit in CKD patients without diabetes.
त्वरित प्रारंभिक परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
Finerenone पर तीन global studies NEJM, JAMA और The Lancet में प्रकाशित हुईं।
Finerenone पहले मुख्य रूप से diabetes-related kidney disease में उपयोग होता था।
नई evidence बताती है कि यह diabetes के बिना CKD patients में भी लाभकारी हो सकता है।
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Three global studies published in The New England Journal of Medicine, JAMA and The Lancet suggest that finerenone, a drug earlier used mainly for diabetes-related kidney disease, may also help patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) without diabetes. Researchers found that it slowed kidney disease progression, reduced protein leakage in urine and lowered the risk of kidney failure.
समाचार
The New England Journal of Medicine, JAMA और The Lancet में प्रकाशित तीन global studies से संकेत मिलता है कि finerenone, जो पहले मुख्य रूप से diabetes-related kidney disease में उपयोग होता था, diabetes के बिना chronic kidney disease (CKD) वाले patients में भी मदद कर सकता है। Researchers ने पाया कि इससे kidney disease progression धीमा हुआ, urine में protein leakage कम हुआ और kidney failure का risk घटा।
Background
Chronic kidney disease gradually reduces the kidney’s ability to filter waste. Diabetes is a leading cause, but CKD can also result from high blood pressure, autoimmune disorders and glomerular diseases. Finerenone is important because it does not directly target diabetes; it blocks inflammation and scarring inside the kidneys, processes common to many kidney diseases.
पृष्ठभूमि
Chronic kidney disease में kidneys की waste filter करने की क्षमता धीरे-धीरे घटती है। Diabetes इसका प्रमुख कारण है, लेकिन CKD high blood pressure, autoimmune disorders और glomerular diseases से भी हो सकता है। Finerenone इसलिए महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि यह सीधे diabetes को target नहीं करता; यह kidneys के भीतर inflammation और scarring को block करता है, जो कई kidney diseases में common processes हैं।
Prelims Facts
Three global studies on finerenone were published in NEJM, JAMA and The Lancet.
Finerenone was earlier used mainly in diabetes-related kidney disease.
New evidence suggests benefit in CKD patients without diabetes.
Finerenone blocks inflammation and scarring inside the kidneys.
Across CKD forms, it slowed disease progression, reduced protein leakage in urine and lowered kidney failure risk.
A related analysis of over 900 patients with glomerular diseases found about 42% reduction in protein leakage in urine.
Combined data across 14,574 patients suggested benefits across different causes and stages of kidney disease.
Main safety concern: hyperkalaemia, or high potassium levels in blood.
About 17% of finerenone-treated patients developed elevated potassium levels, but severe cases were uncommon.
Finerenone is already available in India and costs around ₹80-90 per day.
It may become cheaper after patent protection ends in 2028.
Routine urine testing for protein leakage can help detect kidney damage early.
प्रारंभिक परीक्षा तथ्य
Finerenone पर तीन global studies NEJM, JAMA और The Lancet में प्रकाशित हुईं।
Finerenone पहले मुख्य रूप से diabetes-related kidney disease में उपयोग होता था।
नई evidence बताती है कि यह diabetes के बिना CKD patients में भी लाभकारी हो सकता है।
Finerenone kidneys के भीतर inflammation और scarring को block करता है।
CKD के अलग-अलग forms में इसने disease progression धीमा किया, urine protein leakage घटाया और kidney failure risk कम किया।
FIND-CKD में 1,584 non-diabetic CKD patients शामिल थे।
Glomerular diseases वाले 900 से अधिक patients के related analysis में urine protein leakage लगभग 42% कम पाया गया।
14,574 patients के combined data ने kidney disease के अलग-अलग causes और stages में benefit दिखाया।
मुख्य safety concern: hyperkalaemia, यानी blood potassium का बढ़ना।
Finerenone-treated करीब 17% patients में potassium levels बढ़े, लेकिन severe cases uncommon रहे।
Finerenone भारत में उपलब्ध है और इसकी लागत लगभग ₹80-90 per day है।
Patent protection 2028 में समाप्त होने के बाद यह सस्ती हो सकती है।
Protein leakage की routine urine testing kidney damage को early detect करने में मदद कर सकती है।
Mains Focus & Analysis
Finerenone’s broader benefit suggests a shift from disease-label-based treatment to pathway-based treatment in kidney disease. Instead of treating only diabetes-related CKD, doctors may increasingly target shared biological pathways such as inflammation and scarring. For India, the bigger challenge is early detection: many patients with diabetes or hypertension are treated for years in primary care but reach nephrologists only after advanced kidney damage. Simple urine protein testing at primary-care level can help detect “smoke before fire” and make kidney-protective therapies more effective.
मुख्य परीक्षा दृष्टिकोण
Finerenone का broader benefit kidney disease treatment में disease-label-based approach से pathway-based approach की ओर बदलाव दिखाता है। केवल diabetes-related CKD को treat करने के बजाय doctors inflammation और scarring जैसे shared biological pathways को target कर सकते हैं। भारत के लिए बड़ी चुनौती early detection है: diabetes या hypertension वाले कई patients वर्षों तक primary care में रहते हैं, लेकिन nephrologist तक तब पहुंचते हैं जब kidney damage advanced हो चुका होता है। Primary-care level पर simple urine protein testing “fire बनने से पहले smoke detect” करने में मदद कर सकती है और kidney-protective therapies को अधिक प्रभावी बना सकती है।
GS Mapping
GS2: Public Health, Primary Healthcare, Non-Communicable Diseases; GS3: Biotechnology, Clinical Research, Health Technology
जीएस मैपिंग
GS2: public health, primary healthcare, non-communicable diseases; GS3: biotechnology, clinical research, health technology
Sources
The Hindu
· July 8, 2026
— Newspaper report supplied by the user on finerenone and chronic kidney disease in patients without diabetes.